Hiki iā mākou Microbiome ke mālama i nā maʻi noʻonoʻo a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe?

Ke ʻimi mau nei mākou i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou hou, mai ka immunotherapy a i ka genotherapy i nā lāʻau antibiotic. Akā he aha inā loaʻa iā mākou nā hana hou hou i loko o ko mākou kino ponoʻī, ʻo ia hoʻi ko mākou bacteria bacteria?

He aha inā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi koʻohune ʻōpū no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi o haʻi?

Ua hana ʻia i ka wā i hala.

ʻO ka wā i hala a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka microbiome a ka poʻe (kahi inoa sophisticated no nā puʻupuʻu i ka poop o nā poʻe).

I ke kenekulia ʻehā ma Kina, ua hana kahi kauka lapaʻau Ge Hong i kahi lāʻau hou no ka maʻi diarrhea. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "sabu melemele" a he hupa i hana ʻia me ... ʻaʻole nā ​​lemona, ʻaʻole nā ​​pepelu bele melemele, akā ʻo ka poop o kahi kanaka olakino.

Hiki iaʻu ke noʻonoʻo iā ʻoe, e ka mea heluhelu, e ʻūlū ana. Eia naʻe, ua hana maikaʻi loa kēia "sup melemele" i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi palahō.

I kēia mau lā, ke hōʻike ʻia ka poʻe i nā lāʻau antibiotic lōʻihi, ʻaʻole wale nō e luku ʻia nā puʻupuʻu lawehala, akā ua hoʻopau ʻia kā lākou bacteria maikaʻi a pau. ʻO ka hopena, ua noho kolone kekahi o nā kānaka e kahi puʻupuʻu paʻakikī loa e kāhea ʻia ʻO Clostridium Difficile (C. Diff.) a me nā lāʻau antibiotic hou aʻe, ulu hou kēia mau mea maʻi i kekahi manawa C. Diff. nā maʻi maʻi.

Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole i kahi lapaʻau ʻē aʻe ke pepehi i kēia mau maʻi hou i nā manawa āpau, hoʻāʻo kekahi mau kauka e hoʻohana i ka poop o ka poʻe olakino, i kekahi manawa e hoʻohana ana i ka poop o ka hoa kolohe e mālama ai i ka mea maʻi (hoʻohana ʻia he enema). A — pūʻiwa! — Hoola pinepine ka poop a ka hoa i ka mea maʻi.

Kauka Jessica Allegreti mai ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard i ʻōlelo ʻia ma Ka hoʻopuka olakino Harvard ʻo ka Fecal Microbiota Transplants (FMT) he 80% a 90 paha keneta o ka hoʻōla me ka pinepine hoʻokahi wale nō lapaʻau i nā hihia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana. C. Diff. nā maʻi maʻi.

Pehea ka FMT e hana ai i kā lākou kilokilo ʻaʻole i wehewehe ʻia, akā hoʻokahi manaʻo ʻo ia nā ʻupuna "olakino" i loko o kā mākou ʻiʻo e hūnā i nā hui bactericidal e pepehi C. Diff. Kuhi ʻia kekahi kumumanaʻo ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana o nā mākua olakino ma o kahi transplant, ua holo lākou i waho C. Diff. no nā mea momona.

Akā pehea inā FMT (a me nā ʻūhū i loko o ka poop o ka poʻe) hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe C. Diff. nā maʻi maʻi?

He aha inā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo FMT e mālama i ka maʻi o Crohn a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi urinary hou? He aha inā hiki i nā FMT ke mālama i nā maʻi noʻonoʻo, ka maʻi ʻo Alzheimer, ka maʻi o Parkinson, autism, a me ka momona hoʻi? He aha inā e hiki i nā FMT ke hana kūʻē i ka maʻi ʻaʻai?

He aha ka hoʻohana ʻia o ka microbiome a ka poʻe (i loko o ka poop o nā poʻe)?

I ka hoʻomaka o Kēkēmapa o kēia makahiki, ua nīnauele kaʻu kāne me Dr. Sabine Hazan, gastroenterologist, hoʻokumu, a me CEO o Progenabiome ma Ventura, Kaleponi, a me Kauka Brad Barrows, ke alakaʻi lapaʻau o ka hui. Mālama ʻo Kauka Hazan i ka noiʻi a alakaʻi i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma ka microbiome a me FMT.

Ua hana ʻo Kauka Hazan i 150 mau hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā makahiki he 15 i hala. Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i loko o ko mākou ʻōpū a hiki i 100 trillion mau microbes a aia ma mua o 150,000 mau ʻano o lākou-kaulana kekahi, a kaulana ʻole kekahi.

ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o Kauka Hazan, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o Penicillin mai ka ulu ʻana o ka punahelu, nā ʻōpū pūpū āpau, nā fungi pūpū, a me nā mea ʻino paha i loaʻa ʻole kahi ʻike.

Ke kālailai nei ʻo ia i ka microbiome ʻōpū o ka poʻe me ka maʻi luhi mau loa, ka paʻa mau ʻana o ka celiac, ka maʻi o Crohn, ka maʻi ulcerative colitis, nā maʻi maʻi urinary hou, psoriasis, ka maʻi ʻo Lyme, ka maʻi ʻo Alzheimers, ka maʻi ʻo Parkinson, ka autism, ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala, ka momona, a kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe. I ka hana ʻana pēlā, ke ʻike nei ʻo Kauka Hazan he maʻi ʻokoʻa loa ka ʻōpū o nā mea maʻi me kekahi mau maʻi ma mua o ka poʻe ʻaʻohe maʻi.

Akā e nānā mua i ke ʻano o ka microbiome, mai kā Dr. Hazan manaʻo:

Aia ma lalo kahi pakuhi e hōʻike ana i ka microbiome o 26 i koho koho ʻia. I ka pakuhi, hōʻike kēlā me kēia kolamu i kahi kanaka ʻokoʻa a hōʻike kēlā me kēia kala i kekahi ʻano lū o ka bug. E ʻike i ka paʻakikī o kēlā me kēia microbiome?

I kēia manawa e nānā i nā ʻohana.

Ma lalo ka microbiome o hoʻokahi ʻohana:

E ʻike pehea ke ʻano o nā kala i waena o ka makuakāne, ka makuahine a me nā keiki ʻelua? ʻO kēia ke kumu o nā ʻāpā like i loko o kā lākou ʻiʻo.

No ke aha mai?

Hiki paha iā lākou ke pili genetically? Akā, pehea e pili ana i ka makuahine a me ka makuakāne i pili ʻole i ka genetically? Ma muli paha o ka honi a me ka moekolohe ʻana? Ma muli paha o ko lākou ʻai ʻana i nā ʻano meaʻai like a i ʻole no ko lākou noho ʻana i ka hale like?

Loaʻa paha kēia mau mea āpau.

E hoʻohālikelike i ka microbiome ʻohana ma luna a me ka microbiome ʻohana ma lalo:

He microbiome ʻokoʻa loa ko kēia ʻohana ʻelua ma mua o ka mea mua, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻokoʻa nā ʻāpana o nā puʻupuʻu i kā lākou ʻiʻo.

I kēia ʻohana ʻelua — makuahine, kaikamahine 1 a kaikamahine 2 ‚kekahi o nā kaikamahine he autism. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho, ma ka nānā wale ʻana i ka microbiome, ʻo wai ka autism?

ʻO ia ka mea i waenakonu, kaikamahine 1.

ʻIke paha ʻoe i ka ʻokoʻa o ka microbiome a ke kaikamahine 1 mai ke koena o ka ʻohana? Me he mea lā he nui loa ia i kekahi bacteria (ʻo ka mea i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i waenakonu) a haʻo i ka nui o nā ʻano bacteria ʻōpū, ʻo kekahi o lākou he Bifidobacter.

Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka like ʻole (ka helu o nā meaola like ʻole i ke kaikamahine 1) e hōʻike ana he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaulike o kāna microbiome ma mua o ka makuahine a kaikuahine paha.

He aha ka hoʻolālā a Kauka Hazan no ka wā e hiki mai ana?

ʻO ka hoʻolālā a Kauka Hazan e hoʻomaopopo ai i ke kuleana o ka microbiome i nā maʻi a hoʻohana i kāna mea i loaʻa e kōkua ai i kāna mau hoa e hoʻopiha i kahi o ka fecal transplant. ʻO ka mea nui loa, makemake ʻo ia e hoʻomālamalama i ke ʻano o ke kumu o ke kōkua ʻana i ka fecal transplant e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kahi maʻi a i ʻole hoʻōla ʻO Clostridium Difficile .

ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻo Kauka Hazan i hoʻokahi pill i kūpono i kēlā me kēia, ʻaʻole pono kahi probiotic i kēlā me kēia mea. Manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau pololei a me ka pilikino a me ka pono e noho mau.

"ʻO ka mea hoʻokahi a mākou i aʻo ai mai ka loiloi microbiome ʻo ia ka microbiome olakino kahi mea like ʻole i kāna ʻano microbial," wahi a Dr. Hazan.

Lana kona manaʻo e hana pū me ka FDA e hoʻonohonoho i kahi hoʻokolokolo ma nā keiki autistic e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻikepili āna i hōʻiliʻili ai mai ka loiloi microbiome.

Ua ʻike anei ʻo Kauka Hazan i nā hopena maikaʻi no nā maʻi ʻē aʻe ma mua o ʻO Clostridium Difficile nā maʻi maʻi?

ʻAe, ua loaʻa iā ia.

Ma o ke alakaʻi a Dr. Thomas Borody, kahi alakaʻi i ka lawe fecal, ke noi nei ʻo Kauka Hazan i nā ʻano hana a me nā kuʻina e hoʻohana ai i ka FMT ma kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i nā maʻi me ka maʻi o Crohn, ke kanu nei iā lākou me ka microbiome o nā kānaka olakino. E paʻi koke ʻia kāna hopena. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i hoʻokahi hihia o ka dementia o Alzheimer a me kekahi hihia o ka maʻi urinary tract maʻi mau.

Ua loaʻa kekahi mau hopena maikaʻi i nā kauka ʻē aʻe.

ʻO Kauka Moayyedi mai ke Kulanui ʻo McMaster ma Ontario, Kanada, ua hana ʻo Fecal Microbiota Transplantations ma 38 mau maʻi e loaʻa ana i ka colitis ulcerative. ʻEiwa o nā mea maʻi a Moayyedi i hele i loko o ke kala ʻana a ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻōki i nā lapaʻau āpau (ua paʻi ʻia nā hopena ma ka Pai no Gastro-Enterology i ka 2015).

Ua hana ʻo Kauka Johnsen mai ka haukapila ʻo Harstad University ma Noreweka i nā Fecal Microbiota Transplantations ma luna o nā mea maʻi e ʻeha ana i ka Irritable Bowel Disease (IBS) a ua loaʻa he 65 pākēneka o nā maʻi i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka placebo (ua paʻi ʻia kēia mau hopena i ka Lancet i ka makahiki 2018).

No laila, hiki i nā FMT ke mālama hou i ke koho ʻia no nā maʻi he nui i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

ʻAʻole maopopo iā mākou i kēia manawa, akā e like me kā Kauka Thomas Borody i ʻōlelo ai: "Pono ke koa a me nā makahiki o ka hoʻomanawanui e hoʻololi i nā paradigms." Ke hana nei ʻo Dr. Borody i kēia manawa i kahi kaola ma FMT a me ka maʻi ʻo Parkinson.

Pono mākou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hou aku ma nā laʻana nui aʻe o nā mea maʻi.

E ʻike ʻia ke kī i ka mea hāʻawi pono na Fecal Microbiota Transplant e mālama ai i kēlā me kēia kūlana a no ka nānā pono ʻana i nā pilikia a me nā pono o ka Fecal Transplant i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

I kēia manawa, eia hou kāu mau nīnau e pili ana i nā FMT:

Pehea e hana ai nā FMT?

Hoʻokomo kekahi poʻe i ka FMT i nā capsule e lawe waha ʻia, akā e hoʻopau paha ka ʻōpū a me nā waikawa bile i ka microbiota therapeutic inā lawe ʻia i kēia ala. No laila, makemake nā gastroenterologists i ke kanu ʻana i nā koʻohune o ka ʻōpū ma o ka enemas a i ʻole hoʻonohonoho iā lākou ma kahi kokoke i ka caecum ma o kahi kolona.

Pehea ka makaʻu o ka FMT?

ʻAʻole maopopo iā mākou i kēia manawa. ʻO nā mea āpau a mākou e ʻike ai ʻaʻole nā ​​zero nā makaʻi.

Ua make hoʻokahi kanaka ma hope o ka FMT ma 2019, akā ua loaʻa ka maʻi leukemia i kēlā me kēia a me kahi ʻōnaehana nawaliwali koʻikoʻi, a ua hāʻawi ka mea hāʻawi. E. Coli koʻohune i kū kūpale aku i nā antibiotic.

Mai ia manawa, ua koho maikaʻi ʻia nā mea hāʻawi.

Hiki i nā FMT ke hoʻohuli i ka momona?

Hiki i ka poop ke kiʻi ʻia mai kahi mea lahilahi a hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o ke kolona o kahi kanaka momona a hiki i ka microbiota o ka mea lahilahi e lawe?

ʻĀ, ʻae ka pane ... i nāʻiole. ʻO Maria Guirro a me kahi hoa hana mai ke Kulanui ʻo Rovira ma Sepania (ua paʻi ʻia ke aʻo ʻana ma PLoS Hoʻokahi Ua hōʻike ʻo 2019) ke kanu nei i nā koʻohune o ka ʻōpū mai nāʻiole wīwī i nāʻiole momona i hana i kahi loli i nā koʻohune kino ʻōpū nui, e hana ana i nā koʻohune o ka ʻiole momona e like me nā ʻiole wiwi a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻohi i ka ikehu mai ka meaʻai.

Ke hoʻomaka nei nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua me nā kānaka (e nānā i nā kuhikuhi ma lalo).

He aha kā mākou e lawe ai mai kēia mau mea āpau?

Hoʻokahi mea ka mea maopopo: Kaukaʻi ʻia i kā mākou ʻai, inu a me ka nui o ke koʻikoʻi i loko o ko mākou ola, hoʻololi kā mākou microbiome a hiki i kēlā mau hoʻololi ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi.

ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo ia ka hoʻoluhi ke hana i ko mākou ʻōpū, ate, a me ka gallbladder e hūnā i nā waikawa he nui, a ʻo kēlā mau waikawa e luku i ka nui o kā mākou bacteria maikaʻi, e hana ana i ke kaulike ʻole ʻole i loko o kā mākou flora ʻōpū. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka yogurt e hāʻawi mai iā mākou i nā bacteria maikaʻi, akā ʻo ka nui o ke kō i kā mākou papaʻai e ulu ai kahi bacteria maikaʻi ʻole, e hana ana i kahi ʻano kaulike ʻole a hoʻomaka i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

No laila, e makaʻala ʻaʻole mākou wale i loko o kā mākou kino. ʻO mākou ka pūʻali o nā trilliona o nā hoa e noho ana i loko o kā mākou ʻōpū e kōkua iā mākou e noho i ke olakino. E hoʻokipa maikaʻi a mālama i kā mākou microbiome i kaulike ʻia e ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia, hoʻemi ʻia ke kō a me ka liʻiliʻi o ke koʻikoʻi i ko mākou ola.

No ka mea ma hope o nā mea āpau, aia paha i ka wā e hiki mai ana i kā mākou poop ... no sh * t!