ʻO Fiddler o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo

Ua hōʻike mua ʻia nā kākau e pili ana i ka moe pathological i ka moʻokalaleo psychiatric ma mua o 100 mau makahiki i hala aku nei a ua hāʻawi ʻia nā inoa e like me "pseudologia fantastica" a me "mythomania" a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me ka hoʻololi. Aia kekahi manaʻo kuʻikahi ʻo Kauka Anton Delbruck, he kauka Kelemania, ʻo ia ka mea mua e wehewehe i ka manaʻo o ka moe pathological e waiho ana i 1891 ma hope o ka paʻi ʻana i kahi moʻoʻelima o kāna mau maʻi.

ʻOiai ka moʻolelo lōʻihi o ka noiʻi, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia ka waha pathological i loko o ka American Psychiatric Association's Nānā Palapala Hōʻikeʻike a me kaʻikepili (DSM-5) a i ʻole ʻo World Health Organization's Hoʻokaʻawale International o nā maʻi (ICD-10). ʻO ka haʻi wale ʻana o ka moe pathological i ka DSM i ka hui pū me Factitious Disorder (i kūkā ʻia ma lalo), eia naʻe, he nui nā psychologists a me psychiatrists i ʻōlelo he maʻi psychiatric ʻokoʻa ia e hōʻike ʻia i nā pepa he nui i paʻi ʻia ma ke kumuhana o ka hope loa ʻelua mau makahiki.

Ma kahi pae maʻalahi loa, pili ka wahaheʻe pathological i kahi kanaka e haʻi wahaheʻe ʻole ana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo Kauka Charles Dike a me kona mau hoa ma kahi pukana 2005 o ka Ka Nupepa o ka American Academy of Psychiatry and Law Wehewehe iā ia ma ke ʻano he "falsification disproportionate āpau i kekahi hopena i ʻike ʻia, lohi a paʻakikī paha, a hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i loko o kahi mau makahiki a i ʻole ke ola holoʻokoʻa, i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pupule maoli, manaʻo waliwali a epilepsy paha."

Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻano psychiatric (e like me ka poʻe me ke ʻano manipulative) hiki ke komo pū i ka moe pathological ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana ākea ākea a me nā ʻōuli.I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia ka nui o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa inā he ʻano discrete a kū hoʻokahi ka lawena a i ʻole e hōʻike maʻamau iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua i nā kūlana psychological a me psychiatric ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Kauka Dike a me nā hoapili iā:

"Hiki i nā mea wahahe Pathological ke manaʻoʻiʻo i kā lākou wahaheʻe i ka nui, i ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike hewa paha ka manaʻoʻiʻo; he noʻonoʻo pono lākou i nā mea ʻē aʻe; kānalua inā he hana ʻike ka wahaheʻe pathological a inā he mana mau kā nā wahahe pathological i kā lākou wahaheʻe; he kumu kūwaho no ka wahaheʻe (e like me ka loaʻa kālā) ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia a maopopo ʻole ke kumu o loko a i ʻole psychological no ka wahaheʻe; ʻo nā wahaheʻe i ka wahahe pathological pinepine ʻole ʻia a impulsive paha; e lilo ka mea wahahe pathological i pio no kāna wahaheʻe; ʻo ka mea i makemake ʻia o ka mea wahahe pathological e hoʻokahuli paha i ka mea maoli; pili paha ka wahahee pathological i kekahi manawa me ka lawehala kolohe; hiki i ka mea wahahe pathological ke hoʻomaopopo, ma ka liʻiliʻi i kekahi hapa, i ka wahaheʻe o nā moʻolelo i ka wā e ʻaʻa ikaika ai. a, i ka hoʻopunipuni pathological, haʻi wahaheʻe paha he hopena ia iā ia iho. Eia nō naʻe, maopopo leʻa ʻaʻohe papa kuhikuhi hoʻokahi o ka mea wahahe pathological e hoʻoponopono i nā nīnau nosological a me nā nīnau etiological i hāpai ʻia e ka hanana o ka wahaheʻe pathological. " (p.344)

Hele aku ʻo Dike a me nā hoa i ka papa inoa o nā ʻano psychiatric āpau e pili ana i ka moe pathological i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hōʻike i ka ʻano o ka hana wahaheʻe i loko o kēia mau ʻike i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka papa inoa o nā kūlana psychological a me psychiatric i hoʻopili ʻia: (i) Malingering, (ii) Confabulation, (iii) Ganser's Syndrome, (iv) maʻi kūpilikiʻi, (v) Borderline Personality Disorder, (vi) Antisocial Personality Disorder, (vii) Histrionic Personality Nā pilikia. ʻO ke kuhihewa, ʻo kēia mau maʻi ʻekolu hope loa e pili pū me ka wahaheʻe pathological. Hōʻike iki ka mea aʻe i nā ʻōuli a me ka pōʻaiapili o kēlā me kēia ʻano e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e Dr. Dike a me kona mau hoapili.

• Malingering: Ke waiho nei me ka noʻonoʻo pono i kahi e hoʻonui nui ai a wahaheʻe paha ke kanaka e pili ana i nā hōʻailona kino a me / a i ʻole psychological. ʻAʻole like me ka "archetypal" wahaheʻe pathological, hoʻonāukiuki pinepine ka poʻe malingerers e haʻi wahaheʻe no kahi kumu kikoʻī e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka uku kālā, e hōʻalo i ka hana ʻana, e hōʻalo i ka ʻoihana koa, e pale i ka hoʻopiʻi lawehala, a pēlā aku.
• Hoʻonohonoho: ʻO kēia kahi e haʻi wahaheʻe mau ai ka poʻe ma ke ʻano he ʻano uhi o ka uhi ʻana o ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kūlana pohō hoʻomanaʻo. (E like me amnesia. I nā wahahee pathological archetypal, ke ʻano psychological (ma mua o ke aloha) i ke kumu.
• ʻO Ganser's Syndrome (GS): ʻO GS kahi maʻi dissociative laha ʻole (101 mau hihia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mau ʻia) i hōʻike ʻia e ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia e hāʻawi ana i nā pane nonsensical i nā nīnau (a hele ma lalo o nā inoa ʻē aʻe e like me "nonsense Syndrome" a me "balderdash Syndrome"). ʻAʻole like me nā moʻolelo elaborate a i kekahi manawa i haʻi ʻia e nā wahaheʻe pathological archetypal, ʻo nā wahaheʻe i haʻi ʻia e ka poʻe me GS he maʻalahi a kokoke paha.
• Nā maʻi kūpono (FD): Hoʻohana pono ʻo FD i nā wahaheʻe a me / a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻonui e pili ana i ka psychological a me / a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona kino wale no ke kumu o ke kuleana o kahi mea maʻi (i kapa ʻia ʻo Munchausen's Syndrome). I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻaʻole makemake ka mea wahahe pathological archetypal i ka maʻi i kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO ka maʻi pilikino pilikino (BPD): ʻO ka BPD kahi kūlana kahi i loaʻa ai i nā poʻe ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano o ka naʻau a me / a i ʻole nā ​​haunaele turbulent. ʻO ka wahaheʻe pathological a me ka hoʻopunipuni nā ʻano nui o ka BPD a haʻi ʻia nā wahaheʻe no ka pono pilikino a i ʻole ka leʻaleʻa. ʻOiai, loaʻa i nā mea maʻi BPD nā manaʻo kūʻē e pili ana iā lākou iho a nele i kahi ʻano pilikino pilikino. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o ka kaohi impulse hiki ke kōkua i nā kekeʻe a me nā wahaheʻe i haʻi ʻia.
• ʻO ka maʻi pilikino Antisocial (APD): ʻO APD ke ʻano o ka mea ʻeha me kahi ʻano lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka manipulate, hoʻohana ʻana, a i ʻole ke hōʻeha ʻana i nā kuleana o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe (a hewa pinepine hoʻi). ʻO ka poʻe me APD e moe pinepine pinepine mau nei no ka hōʻoluʻolu pilikino wale nō. ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe me APD he wahaheʻe pathological pinepine, kākaʻikahi ka poʻe wahahee pathological archetypal i hoʻohuli i nā pilikino antisocial.
• • Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD): Hana ka poʻe me HPD i kahi ʻano naʻau a me nā hana keu e huki ai ka manaʻo iā lākou iho. Wahaheʻe pinepine lākou ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻomaikaʻi a / a i ʻole e kōkua i kā lākou hana hoʻokalakupua a ʻimi ʻimi. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻimi mau ka poʻe wahahee pathological archetypal i ka nānā.

Ma muli o ka papa inoa ma luna, ʻike maopopo ʻia hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka moe pathological i kekahi mau maʻi noʻonoʻo (e like me, FD, BPD) a hiki ke kapa ʻia he wahaheʻe pathological lua. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maopopo inā hiki ke kū kaʻawale i kahi maʻi psychiatric i ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻia e like me ka wahahe ʻole pathological mua. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano moe ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Dike, unplaced and impulsive. ʻOiai nā kuhi manaʻo āpau, aia nō kahi ʻike liʻiliʻi, akā naʻe manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopili like i nā kāne a me nā wahine me ka hoʻomaka o ka wā ʻōpio. ʻAʻohe huahelu prevalence hilinaʻi ʻia akā ʻo kahi noiʻi i manaʻo ʻia hoʻokahi i loko o ka 1,000 mau hewa ʻōpio ʻōpio i ʻehaʻeha ʻia mai.

Ma kahi pae olaola a me nā neurological, kahi pepa i paʻi ʻia i loko o ka Ka Nūpepa o Neuropsychiatry a me nā Neurosciences Clinical na Dr. J.G. Ua hōʻike ʻo Modell a me nā hoa i ka hihia o kahi wahahe pathological i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi scan lolo. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena ua pili kona ʻano me ka pono hemithalamic pono. Ua kākoʻo kēia i nā hana kuhiakau o ka thalamus a me nā wahi lolo e pili ana i ka hoʻololi o ka lawena a me ka ʻike.

Ua aʻo ʻia kahi noi ma 2007 i ka Ka Nūpepa Pelekānia o ka Psychiatry na Dr. Y. Yang a me nā hoapili i hōʻike i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hanana lolo ma waena o nā mea wahaheʻe pathological a me nā hui kaohi. Ua hōʻike ka wahaheʻe pathological i ka hoʻonui ākea o ka mea keʻokeʻo (ma kahi o ka hapahā i ka hapakolu i ʻoi aku o nā kaohi) a ua ʻōlelo nā mea kākau e hiki i kēia hoʻonui ke koho i kekahi mau kānaka i ka wahaheʻe pathological.

Pono ka poʻe e hana nei i ka ʻōnaehana olakino noʻonoʻo e nānā i ka wahaheʻe pathological i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaopopo i nā loio e pili ana i ke kuleana o ka poʻe wahahe pathological no kā lākou hana. Inā ʻike paha ka poʻe wahahe pathological i nā wahaheʻe a lākou e haʻi nei he hopena koʻikoʻi ka nui no ka hana psychiatry forensic. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Dike hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻaha me nā wahaheʻe pathological nāna e hāʻawi i nā hōʻike wahaheʻe ʻoiai e hoʻohiki nei.