Pacini Corpuscles: He aha kēia mau mea loaʻa a pehea e hana ai

Anter

• Hoʻomohele ʻia kahi ʻano mechanoreceptor ma loko o ka ʻili a me nā ʻano ʻoloko like ʻole.
• He aha nā kupapaʻu Pacini?
• He aha kā lākou kuleana?
• Aia lākou i hea a pehea lākou?
• Mekanism o ka hana

Hoʻomohele ʻia kahi ʻano mechanoreceptor ma loko o ka ʻili a me nā ʻano ʻoloko like ʻole.

Kupapaʻu Pacini ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano ʻehā o ka mechanoreceptors e ʻae ai i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopā, i loko o nā kānaka a me nā ʻano mammalian ʻē aʻe.

Mahalo i kēia mau pūnaewele hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ke kaomi a me nā haʻalulu ma luna o ko mākou ʻili, he mea nui i ka ʻike ʻana i nā hoʻoweliweli ʻelua a me nā ʻano e like me kēlā me kēia lā e like me ka lawe ʻana i nā mea mai ke kaiapuni.

Me he mea lā heʻuʻuku lākou ʻaʻole hāʻawi nui iā lākou iho, akā naʻe, ua kamaʻilio maikaʻi loa ka neuroscience iā lākou, no ka mea pili lākou i kā mākou hana a me ko mākou ola, ʻo ia hoʻi, mai ka manaʻo o Psychology a me Biology. E ʻike kākou i ka hana o kēia mau hale liʻiliʻi i kā mākou mea nui nui, ka ʻili.

He aha nā kupapaʻu Pacini?

Ma waho o ka manaʻo maʻalahi he ʻelima mau manaʻo o ke kanaka, aia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo: aia kekahi ʻano ʻoi aku o nā ala sensory e haʻi mai iā mākou e pili ana i nā mea e hana nei i kā mākou kaiapuni a me ko mākou kino. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma lalo o ka lepili o "paʻi" ua hui ʻia kekahi o lākou, hiki i kekahi o lākou ke hana i nā ʻike ʻokoʻa loa mai kekahi i kekahi.

ʻO nā kino make Pacini, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he mau kupapaʻu lamellar, he ʻo kekahi o nā ʻano ʻehā o ka mechanoreceptors e mālama i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopā, loaʻa i ka ʻili kanaka. ʻIke nui lākou i ke kaomi a me nā haʻalulu e hiki ke hana ma ka ʻili, ma ka pā ʻana i kahi mea a i ʻole ka hana a kekahi neʻe o kēlā me kēia. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau hunaola ma hope o kā lākou mea ʻike, ka anatomist ʻItalia ʻo Filippo Pacini.

ʻO kēia mau kupapaʻu, ʻoiai ʻike ʻia ma loko o ka ʻili, ʻike ʻia i kahi nui ma nā wahi i loaʻa ʻole ka lauoho, e like me ka lima o nā lima, nā manamana lima a me nā wāwae o ka wāwae. He hikiwawe loa ko lākou hiki ke hoʻopili i nā stimuli o ke kino, e ʻae ana i kahi hōʻailona wikiwiki e hoʻouna ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo akā e emi mau ana i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka stimulus i ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka ʻili.

Mahalo i kēia ʻano keena, hiki i nā kānaka ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kino o nā mea e like me ka ʻili o ka papa, ke ʻano, me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ikaika kūpono e pili ana inā makemake mākou e hopu a hoʻokuʻu paha i ka mea i nīnau ʻia.

He aha kā lākou kuleana?

ʻO Lamellar a i ʻole ʻo Pacini corpuscle nā ​​hunaola e pane i nā stimulus sensory a i nā loli wikiwiki e hiki ke hana ʻia i loko. ʻO ia ke kumu o kāna hana nui ke ʻike i nā haʻalulu i loko o ka ʻili, me ka hoʻololi i nā kaomi e hiki i kēia kiko ke loaʻa.

Ke hoʻololi a neʻe paha ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻili, hoʻopuka nā kōpala i kahi hana i hiki i ke kikowaena nerve, no laila e hoʻouna ana i kahi hōʻailona i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo e hoʻopau i ka lolo.

Mahalo i ko lākou ʻike nui, kēia mau kupapaʻu hiki ke ʻike i nā haʻalulu o ke alapine kokoke i 250 hertz (Hz). ʻO kēia, no ka maopopo o ka ʻike, hiki i ka ʻili kanaka ke ʻike i ka neʻe ʻana o nā hunaahi kokoke i hoʻokahi micron (1 μm) i ka nui ma nā manamana lima. Eia naʻe, ua kuhikuhi kekahi mau noiʻi ua hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu ʻia e nā haʻalulu i nā pae o 30 a 100 Hz.

Aia lākou i hea a pehea lākou?

ʻO Structurally, nā kupapaʻu o Pacini he ʻano lōkō kona, i kekahi manawa ʻano like me ka paukūʻolokaʻa. ʻO kona nui a puni kahi millimeter i ka lōʻihi ʻoi aku a ʻoi paha.

ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele hana ʻia i mau ʻāpana he nui, a kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo lamellae, a no kēia kumu i kapa ʻia ai ko lākou inoa ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kēia mau papa ma waena o 20 a me 60, a hana ʻia i nā fibroblast, kahi ʻano o ka pūnaewele hoʻopili, a me nā mea hoʻopili pili fibrous. ʻAʻole pili pololei ka lamellae me kekahi i kekahi, akā hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā papa lahilahi o ka collagen, me kahi paʻa gelatinous a me kahi pākēneka kiʻekiʻe o ka wai.

A pale ʻia nā olonā nerve e myelin komo i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kupapaʻu, a hiki i ka hapa konu o ke kikowaena, e lilo ana i mānoanoa a demyelinating ke komo i loko o ka corpuscle. Hoʻohui ʻia, komo pū kekahi mau kīʻaha koko ma o kēia ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa, kahi lālā i loko o nā papa lamellar like ʻole e hana ai i ka mīkini.

Kupapaʻu Pacini Aia i loko o ka hypodermis o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻIke ʻia kēia papa o ka ʻili i ka hohonu o ka nāʻaʻa, akā ʻokoʻa nā ʻano like o nā kūpuna lamellar ma muli o ka ʻāpana o ke kino.

ʻOiai hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i ka ʻili huluhulu a me ka ʻili glabrous, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻili ʻaʻohe lauoho, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou i nā wahi lauoho ʻole, e like me nā poho lima a me nā wāwae. I ka 'oiaʻiʻo, ma kahi o 350 mau kupapaʻu i hiki ke loaʻa ma kēlā me kēia manamana o nā lima, a ma kahi o 800 ma nā poho lima.

ʻOiai ʻo kēia, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā pūnaewele sensory e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopā, loaʻa nā pūnaewele Pacini i kahi mahele haʻahaʻa. Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻekolu mau ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā pūnaewele hoʻopā, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo Meissner, Merkel a me Ruffini ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka Pacini.

He mea hoihoi e haʻi aku i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā kōpena Pacini i ka ʻili kanaka wale nō, akā i loko o nā hanana kūloko o ke kino. Loaʻa nā pūnaewele Lamellar i nā wahi like ʻole ke akepaʻa, nā mea moekolohe, pancreas, periosteum, a me mesentery. Ua kuhiakau ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele i ka hana o ke ʻimi ʻana i nā haʻalulu mīkini ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana i loko o kēia mau lālā kikoʻī, e ʻike ana i nā leo haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Mekanism o ka hana

Pane nā kino kupapaʻu o Pacini ma o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā hōʻailona i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo ke hoʻopau kino ʻole ʻia kā lākou lamellae. Hana kēia deformation i ka deformation a me ke kaomi ma luna o ka membrane o ka terminal sensory e hana. I ka huli ʻana, hana ʻino a pelu kēia membrane, a ʻo ia ka manawa e hoʻouna ʻia ai ka neea i nā ʻōnaehana o ke kikowaena, ʻo ka iwi kuamoʻo a me ka lolo.

He wehewehe electrochemical kā kēia hōʻailona. E like me ka membrane cytoplasmic o ke neuron sensory deforms, nā kahawai sodium, nāwaliwali o ke kaomi, hāmama. I kēia ala, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ionona sodium (Na +) i loko o ka wahi synaptic, e hoʻohemo ana i ka membrane pūnaewele a hana i ka hiki ke hana, e piʻi ai ke aʻa aʻa.

Nā kupapaʻu o Pacini pane e like me ke kēkelē o ke kaomi i kau ʻia ma ka ʻili. ʻO ia, ʻo ka nui o ke kaomi, ʻo ka nui o nā hōʻailona nerve e hoʻouna ʻia. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai iā mākou ke ʻike ma waena o ka palupalu a lahilahi a me ka ʻomi e hiki ai ke hōʻeha iā mākou.

Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe e like paha me ke kūʻē i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo, a ʻoiai no ka mea he mau receptor lākou no ka hoʻololi wikiwiki ʻana i nā mea hōʻeuʻeu, ma hope o ka manawa pōkole hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi i ka ʻōnaehana makaʻu waena. No kēia kumu, a ma hope o kekahi manawa pōkole o ka manawa, inā mākou e hoʻopā i kahi mea, hiki mai ke kiko i kahi o ka ʻike ʻole o kāna pā. ʻaʻole waiwai hou kēlā ʻike, ma hope o ka manawa mua a mākou e ʻike ai aia ka mea maoli e hana i kēlā sensation ma laila a pili mau iā mākou.