ʻO Sense a me nā Nonsense e pili ana i ka pāʻani ʻana i nā pāʻani wikiō

Anter

• He aha nā hopena maoli o ka pāʻani wikiō ma ka lolo?
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻaʻa pāʻani wikiō a pehea ka laha?
• Nā Heluhelu Pono Pono
• Ke pāʻani nei i nā pāʻani wikiō no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻōla maʻi

"HE HIRINI DIGITAL: HOW SCREENS TURN KIDS I PSYCHOTIC JUNKIES."

ʻO ia ke poʻo inoa pīhoihoi e ʻuwā nei ma luna a ʻO New York Post ʻatikala, na kahi Kauka Nicholas Kardaras (2016), a he nui nā mea heluhelu i hoʻouna ʻia mai iaʻu ma hope koke iho o ka paʻi mua ʻia ʻana. I loko o ka ʻatikala, ʻōlelo ʻo Kardaris, "Ua ʻike mākou i kēlā manawa ʻo kēlā mau iPads, Phone a me Xboxes kekahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau uila. Ke hōʻike nei nā noiʻi kiʻi hou o ka lolo e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao o ka lolo o ka lolo - e kāohi ana i ka hana a ka luna, e like me ka mālama ʻana o ka impulse - i ke ʻano like o ka cocaine. "

ʻOiai ʻo Kardaras ke ʻano o kēia mau hopena weliweli i nā ʻano hana like ʻole o ka pale, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i nā pāʻani wikiō, ke ʻōlelo ʻo ia: He lapuwale kēlā, a inā heluhelu ʻo Kardaras i nā puke noiʻi maoli e pili ana i nā hopena o ka lolo o ka pāʻani wikiō e ʻike ʻo ia.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā poʻomanaʻo weliweli like a me nā ʻatikala ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe i ka pāpāho kaulana, e like me kekahi ma aneʻi Psychology I kēia lā . ʻO ka mea e makaʻu loa ai nā mākua, a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i ka poʻe nūpepa a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo ana e hopu i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe heluhelu, he mau kuhikuhi no ka noiʻi ʻana e hōʻike nei i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka pale, a ʻo ka pāʻani wikiō hoʻi, ka hopena i ka lolo. ʻO ke kuhi e lele ai nā poʻe he nui he hopena ka hopena o ka lolo.

He aha nā hopena maoli o ka pāʻani wikiō ma ka lolo?

ʻO ka noiʻi a Kardaris i kuhikuhi ai e hōʻike ana i kekahi mau ala i ka forebrain, kahi o ka dopamine ka neurotransmitter, e lilo i mea hana ke pāʻani nā poʻe i nā pāʻani wikiō, a ʻo nā lāʻau e like me ka heroin e hoʻoulu i kekahi o kēia mau ala like. ʻO ka mea a Kardaris a me nā ʻatikala like e waiho nei, eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea āpau i nā mea leʻaleʻa e hoʻoulu i kēia mau ala. ʻO kēia nā ala leʻaleʻa o ka lolo. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ka pāʻani wikiō i ka hana i loko o kēia mau ala dopaminergic, e hoʻoholo mākou ʻaʻole leʻaleʻa ka pāʻani wikiō. ʻO ke ala wale nō e hōʻalo ai i ka hana ʻana i kēia ʻano hopena ma ka lolo e hōʻalo i nā mea āpau e leʻaleʻa ai.

E like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana a nā mea noiʻi pāʻani ʻo Patrick Markey a me Christopher Ferguson (2017) i loko o kahi puke i hala iho nei, hāpai ka pāʻani wikiō i nā kiʻekiʻe dopamine i ka lolo e pili ana i ke kekelē like e ʻai ana i kahi ʻāpana o ka pizza pepperoni a i ʻole ke kīʻaha o ka ʻaikalima (me ka ʻole o nā calories). ʻO ia, hāpai ia i ka dopamine e pālua i kāna pae hoʻomaha maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻo nā lāʻau e like me heroin, cocaine, a amphetamine paha e hoʻonui i ka dopamine ma kahi o 10 mau manawa i ka nui.

Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻonāukiuki ka pāʻani wikiō ma mua o nā ala leʻaleʻa, a ʻaʻole like kēia mau hopena ʻē aʻe me nā hopena o nā lāʻau. Pili nā pāʻani i nā hana ʻike he nui, no laila pono ia e hoʻoulu i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e hoʻokumu i kēlā mau hana. I kēia mau lā, ua paʻi kahi neuros Scientist ʻo Marc Palaus a me kāna mau hoapili (2017) i kahi loiloi ʻōnaehana o nā noiʻi āpau i hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa - i loaʻa mai he 116 mau ʻatikala i paʻi ʻia - e pili ana i nā hopena o ka pāʻani wikiō ma ka lolo. [3] ʻO nā hopena ka mea e ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe kamaʻāina me ka noiʻi lolo. ʻO nā pāʻani e pili ana i ka ʻike maka a me ka nānā e hoʻoulu i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e paʻa ana i ka ʻike a me ka ʻike. ʻO nā pāʻani e pili ana i ka hoʻomanaʻo spatial e hoʻoulu i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e pili ana i ka hoʻomanaʻo spatial. A laila.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kekahi o nā noiʻi i loiloi ʻia e Palaus a me kāna mau hoa hana e hōʻike ana i ka pāʻani ʻana ʻaʻole wale ka hopena i ka hana kuʻuna i nā wahi lolo he nui, akā, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki ke ulu i ka ulu lōʻihi o kekahi o kēlā mau wahi. Hiki i nā pāʻani nui ke hoʻonui i ka leo o ka hippocampus pono a me ka entorhinal cortex, i pili i ka hoʻomanaʻo spatial a me ka hoʻokele. Hiki paha ke hoʻonui i ka nui o nā wahi mua o ka lolo i pili i ka hana luna, me ka hiki ke hoʻonā i nā pilikia a hoʻoholo i nā manaʻo kūpono. Kūlike kēlā mau ʻike me ka noiʻi behavioral e hōʻike ana hiki i ka pāʻani wikiō ke hana i nā hoʻomaikaʻi i kekahi mau ʻike ʻike (aʻu i nānā ai ma aneʻi). ʻO kou lolo, ma kēia ʻano, e like me kou ʻōnaehana muscular. Inā hoʻoikaika ʻoe i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ia mea, ulu nui kēlā mau ʻāpana a lilo i mea mana. ʻAe, hiki i ka pāʻani wikiō ke hoʻololi i ka lolo, akā maikaʻi nā hopena i kākau ʻia, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ʻole.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻaʻa pāʻani wikiō a pehea ka laha?

ʻO ka makaʻu i pāhola ʻia e nā ʻatikala e like me kā Kardaris, ʻo ia ka poʻe ʻōpio e pāʻani ana i nā pāʻani wikiō e lilo paha lākou i "ʻona" na lākou. loaʻa nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o ke kino ke kū mākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau, no laila ke alakaʻi ʻia nei mākou e hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana inā ʻike mākou he ʻeha ia iā mākou a makemake nui mākou e kū. Akā he aha ke ʻano o ka hoʻokau ʻana i kahi leʻaleʻa, e ma ke ʻano he pāʻani wikiō (a i ʻole heʻe nalu, a i ʻole he leʻaleʻa ʻē aʻe āu e loaʻa ai)?

ʻO ka nīnau inā he pono a he ʻole paha ka huaʻōlelo “adikō” i nā mea āpau, e pili ana i ka pāʻani wikiō a kekahi, e hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui ʻia e ka poʻe loea. I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei ka ʻAhahui Psychiatric ʻAmelika i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka "Internet Gaming Disorder" (kā lākou huaʻōlelo no ka hōʻalo pāʻani wikiō) i kā lākou manual diagnostics. Hōʻike ka noiʻi i ka hapa nui o nā mea pāʻani wikiō, e pili ana i ka poʻe i komo nui i nā pāʻani a hoʻolilo i ka manawa nui iā lākou, ma ke ʻano he psychologically, social, a me ke kino e like me nā mea pāʻani ʻole. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i kaʻu pou aʻe e wehewehe wau i nā hōʻike e hōʻike ana, ma ka awelika, ʻoi aku ko lākou olakino ma mua o nā mea pāʻani ʻole i kēia mau ʻano āpau. Akā ʻo ka noiʻi like e hōʻike ana i kekahi hapa liʻiliʻi o nā mea pāʻani e ʻehaʻeha nei i ka psychologically i nā ala i kōkua ʻole ʻia e ka pāʻani ʻana a e ʻoi aku paha ka ʻino. ʻO ia ka ʻike e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻAmelika Psychiatric Association e noi i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka Pūnaewele Pōʻani Pūnaewele (IGD) i kāna puke kūhelu o nā maʻi.

Nā Heluhelu Pono Pono

Ke pāʻani nei i nā pāʻani wikiō no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻōla maʻi