ʻO ka loulou ʻano ʻē ma waena o nā kuleana holoholona a me nā maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahine

Anter

• Haʻawina 1. Ka pilina ma waena o nā Pets a me nā Cancectre Coloural
• Haʻawina 2. ʻO nā Pets a me ka Lung Cancer Connection
• Heluhelu 3: Nā Pets a me ka Pilikia o ka Make ʻana o nā Kēpē āpau

Ke hana nei nā keʻena kūʻai aku o ka $ 70-biliona-a-makahiki ʻoihana hana huahana holoholona i kēia mau lā e hōʻoia iā ʻoe ʻo ke kuleana holoholona ka mea nui i ke olakino a me ka hauʻoli o ke kanaka. (E nānā, no ka laʻana, The Pet Effect kai eʻe e hoʻomohala ʻia e ka ʻoihana Human-Animal Bond Research Institute). Eia naʻe, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, akā, ua hoʻoholo ʻepekema ʻia nā holoholona maikaʻi no nā kānaka. Ua ʻike maoli kekahi mau noiʻi ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea ʻona holoholona. Akā ʻo nā ʻoihana ʻoihana PR a me ka pāpāho e nānā pono ʻole i nā noiʻi e hōʻike ana i nā mea nona nā holoholona e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i ka nui o nā maʻi ʻino. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hanu kiʻekiʻe, ka hopohopo, ke kaumaha, ka hiamoe ʻole, nā puʻuwai gastric, ka maʻi poʻo o ka migraine, a me ka momona. A ke kānalua nei wau ʻaʻole e hoʻouna ana ka ʻoihana meaʻai holoholona i nā hoʻolaha kaomi ma luna o ʻekolu mau noiʻi hou e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana o ka holoholona i nā helu make o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ua alakaʻi ʻia nā noiʻi ʻana e kahi hui noiʻi i alakaʻi ʻia e Dr. Jian Zhang, he epidemiologist ma ke Kulanui o ka Lehulehu Ola ma ke Kulanui o Georgia Hema. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā pepa ʻekolu i ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka Center for Disease Control's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "NHANES," he loiloi lōʻihi kēia o ke olakino a me ke olakino o ko ʻAmelika e hana nei mai nā makahiki 1950. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka noiʻi maʻi ʻaʻai i ka ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka wā III o ke aʻo ʻana i hoʻomaka ʻia ma 1988. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka ʻike pili kino a me nā ʻike kaiāulu a me nā kānaka ma ka home me 13,725 mau ʻelele no ka lāhui ʻAmelika. Aia nā helu like o nā kāne a me nā wahine: 75% o nā kumuhana he White, 11% he ʻEleʻele a 5% he Latino.

Ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka Phase III i komo i loko he mau holoholona ʻāpana. E like me nā noiʻi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa, mālama nā ʻōlani holoholona ʻo NHANES i ka ʻōpio, waiwai, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kino ma mua o nā mea ʻaʻohe holoholona. A ʻo ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o lākou he White. (E ʻike ʻokoʻa ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻike holoholona he nui nā holoholona.) Eia naʻe kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kahu hānai a NHANES a me nā mea ʻona ʻole i manaʻo ʻia. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea ʻona pākana ma ke ʻano he poʻe puhipaka kaumaha ma mua o nā mea ʻaʻohe holoholona, ​​a ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou i ʻike ʻia me ka hānō. A ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kino o nā mea ʻona holoholona ma mua o nā mea ʻona ʻole, ʻaʻole i unuhi kēia i ke olakino maikaʻi aʻe. He ʻoiaʻiʻo nō, ʻoi aku ka momona o nā mea mālama holoholona e like me ka poʻe i noho ʻole me nā holoholona.

ʻO ke kia o ka hui a Kauka Zhane ka make ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohālikelike nā mea noiʻi i ka helu o nā kahu holoholona a me nā mea ʻona ʻole i make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waena o 1988 a me 2010. ʻO ka hapa nui o kā lākou anamanaʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka helu helu i kapa ʻia he ratio hazard. ʻO nā lākiō o ka pōʻino (a i ʻole nā ​​HRs) ke kūlike ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia nā mea maikaʻi ʻole me kahi kūlana, kahi lapaʻau a hanana paha. Lawe, i laʻana, i kahi hoʻokolohua kuhiakau o nā ʻokoʻa wahine i ka hana ʻana i kahi maʻi tropical tropical. Inā mākou e ʻike ma mua o 10 mau makahiki, ʻo nā kāne i loko o ka pūʻulu noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo he pālua ka nui o ka maʻi e like me nā wahine, ʻo ka lakio weliweli no ke kāne he 2.0. Inā ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa moekolohe, ʻo 1.0 ka lakio o ka makaʻu

Haʻawina 1. Ka pilina ma waena o nā Pets a me nā Cancectre Coloural

Ua paʻi ʻia ke aʻo mua ma ka Puka Pai Ola Ola . Ma waena o 1988 a me 2010, 70 i komo i make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala. Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana no ka socioeconomic a me ka helu kanaka ("covariates") e like me ka makahiki, ka puhipaka a me ka inu ʻana, hoʻoikaika kino, ka heihei, a me ka loaʻa kālā, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi he ʻekolu mau manawa ka poʻe mea hānai holoholona e like me ka make ʻana o nā mea ʻona ʻole holoholona i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala. lakio hoʻoweliweli = 2.83). ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ʻo kēia ʻokoʻa pīhoihoi i ka make ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala i ka mea nui i loaʻa i ka noho ʻana me kahi pōpoki (hazard ratio = 2.67). ʻOiai, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻīlio ʻaʻole i hoʻonui i ka manawa o kā lākou mau mea nona ka maʻi ʻaʻai (all hazard ratio = .90). I loko o kēia noi ʻana, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa wahine i ka hopena o ka mālama holoholona ʻana i ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa kala. Pau ka poʻe noiʻi, "Mai kahi cohort lunamakaʻāinana, ua ʻike mākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi holoholona, ​​ʻo ia hoʻi kahi pōpoki, i pili pū ʻia me kahi weliweli kiʻekiʻe o ka make ʻana mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala."

Haʻawina 2. ʻO nā Pets a me ka Lung Cancer Connection

Ua ʻike ka poʻe āpau he ʻoi aku paha ka make o nā poʻe puhipaka i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi ma mua o ka poʻe puhipaka ʻole. Akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻona hānai i kēia ʻano make make o ka maʻi ʻaʻai? ʻO ka lua o ke aʻo ʻana e ka hui a Kauka Zhang he ʻano like ia me ka mea mua, a ua hoʻokumu ʻia hoʻi ia ma nā kumuhana HNANES Phase III. Akā i kēia hihia, ua nānā nā kānaka noiʻi i ka pilina ma waena o ka mālama holoholona ʻana a me ka make ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi. Ma waena o 1988 a me 2010, 213 o ka poʻe komo i make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻAʻole like me nā hopena o ke aʻo ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal, me ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā he ʻokoʻa wahine. Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana no nā covariates, ʻaʻohe hopena o ka mālama holoholona ʻana i ka make ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻa kāne kāne.

Me nā wahine, he moʻolelo ʻokoʻa ia. ʻOi aku ka make ʻana o nā wahine hānai holoholona ma mua o ʻelua mau manawa e make i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi e like me nā wahine i noho ʻole me nā holoholona (hazard ratio = 2.67). E like me ke aʻo ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal, ʻaʻohe pilina ma waena o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻīlio a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū no nā kāne ʻelua. ʻAʻole pololei kēia i nā mea nona nā pōpoki. ʻO nā kāne me nā pōpoki kokoke i 40% ka liʻiliʻi o ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi ma mua o nā kāne ʻaʻohe pōpoki. ʻO nā mea nona nā pōpoki wahine, he ʻokoʻa, ʻaneʻane ʻekolu mau manawa e make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū e like me nā wahine me ka ʻole o nā pōpoki.

Heluhelu 3: Nā Pets a me ka Pilikia o ka Make ʻana o nā Kēpē āpau

Ma waena o ka poʻe komo NNANES III, 418 kāne a me 303 mau wahine i make i kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kolu o ka noiʻi i ʻike ʻia, ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana no nā covariates (makahiki, heihei, a pēlā aku.), ʻO ka manawa o ka lilo ʻana i kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai e like me nā kāne kāne a me nā mea ʻona ʻole. ʻO nā wahine hānai holoholona, ​​akā, he 40% paha ka nui i make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai (hazard ratio = 1.40). A ʻo ka hopena nui loa i waena o nā wahine nona nā manu (hazard ratio = 2.41) a me nā pōpoki (hazard ratio = 1.48). ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi ʻo ka noho ʻana me kahi ʻīlio me he mea lā ʻaʻole i pili ka pilina o ka make me ke kanesa i nā kāne āpau.

Eia kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā hopena o nā noi ʻekolu.

• ʻO nā wahine nona nā pōpoki a i ʻole nā ​​manu i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka make o nā maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā make mai nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai āpau ma mua o nā wahine me nā holoholona ʻole.
• ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o nā kāne nona nā holoholona i ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o nā kāne ʻaʻohe holoholona.
• ʻAʻole pili ka ʻona ʻana i kahi ʻīlio me nā mea i hoʻonui ʻia o ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Pau ka mea noiʻi, "Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻikepili mai kahi hui o nā makaʻāinana, ua ʻike mākou i ka mālama ʻana i kahi holoholona i loko o ka hale me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ma waena o nā wahine."

ʻAʻole kahi anomaly kēia mau hopena. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi ʻē aʻe e ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o nā mea ʻona holoholona ma mua o nā mea ʻaʻohe holoholona o ka ʻaelike lymphoma, ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, leukemia, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa pūhaka. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka hapanui o nā "haʻawina hopena holoholona," ua huikau nā hopena noiʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, kahi noiʻi nui 2016 ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka pilina ma waena o ka mālama holoholona a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahine. A ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi e pili ana i nā poʻe holoholona emi iki ma mua o nā ʻona ʻole e hoʻomohala i ka lymphoma non-Hodgkin.

Hāpai kēia mau hopena i kekahi mau nīnau. No ke aha e makaʻu nui ai nā mea pōpoki a me nā manu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai akā ʻaʻole nā ​​mea ʻlio. A no ke aha e kiʻekiʻe ai ka nui o nā make o ka maʻi ʻaʻai wahine akā ʻaʻole kāne kāne kāne? ʻ admitlelo ka poʻe noiʻi ʻaʻohe o lākou pane i kēia mau nīnau, ʻoiai ke kīloi nei lākou i kahi mau manaʻo ʻelua. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻōlelo lākou e hiki i ka pōpoki a me nā mea manu ke hui aku me nā kemikino kino kino kāhea i nā aflatoxins ma o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā meaʻai holoholona a nā holoholona paha i haumia. Kuhi pū lākou ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi ua ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka wahine i nā hopena o nā kemika i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma mua o nā kāne. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki mau i nā hopena ma muli o kahi fluke helu, nā puʻupuʻu o ka manawa maʻamau.

ʻAʻohe oʻu kuhi no ke aha e loaʻa ai kahi loulou ma waena o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka ʻona holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike pono wau i nā hoʻopiʻi i nā keʻena kūʻai aku o nā ʻoihana meaʻai holoholona hānai ʻaʻole e hoʻopuka ana i nā hoʻolaha e hoʻolaha nei, "ʻO nā wahine nona nā pōpoki a me nā manu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka make ma o ka maʻi ʻaʻai."

ʻO Buck, B., Muniz-Rodriguez, K., Jillson, S., Huang, L. T., Adhikari, A., Jacob, N., ... & Zhang, J. (2019). ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka holoholona a me ka makaʻu i ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai: ka nānā ʻana mai kahi hui kaiāulu. Ka Nūpepa International o ka noiʻi olakino olakino, 1-12.

Adhikari, A., Wei, Y., Jacob, N., Hansen, A. R., Snook, K., Burleson, C. E., & Zhang, J. (2019). ʻO ka hui ma waena o nā holoholona a nā holoholona a me ka makaʻu o ka make ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala: he 18 mau makahiki o ka mālama ʻana i kahi hui kaiāulu. Ka Nūpepa o ke olakino lehulehu, 1-8.