'Wellness-Informed': Nā kumu no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa

Anter

• Nā kiko kī
• ʻO kā mākou kūpuna kūpuna
• ʻO kā mākou kūpuna kūpuna no nā keiki
• ʻO ka ʻepekema i ulu
• Panina hopena

Nā kiko kī

• ʻO kā mākou pahuhopu ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke olakino, ʻaʻole ka pale wale ʻana i nā ʻeha.
• ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka olakino kanaka e pono ai i ka ʻike interdisciplinary o ka hana a me ka ulu ʻana o ke kanaka.
• Koi ʻia ka ʻike Wellness

Hoʻomaopopo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa "trauma" i ka hiki i nā mea kūʻai aku a haumāna paha a i ʻole nā ​​limahana i hōʻeha ʻia, no laila, ke hoʻololi nei i nā hana o ka ʻoihana e noʻonoʻo. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻo kahi hana "ʻike maikaʻi" ka manaʻo o ka mea e kōkua ai i nā keiki a me nā mākua a me nā hui e ulu pono. Hoʻopili ke kula i kēia ʻike i kāna hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā ola o kēlā me kēia kanaka a me ka hui. ʻOiai ʻo "wellness-information" kahi manaʻo hou, pono mākou i kahi moʻolelo ma mua o ka hiki ke ʻike a kūkākūkā ʻia nā hana kikoʻī i kekahi mau kāʻei. ʻO ka moʻoʻōlelo nui ke kuhi ma aneʻi.

Ke lawe mākou i kahi interdisciplinary hoʻokokoke i ka hoʻomohala kanaka a me ke ʻano kanaka, ʻike mākou i nā kumu no nā hana ʻike maikaʻi. He aha kā mākou e aʻo ai?

• Pehea e ʻoi aku ai ke kūlohelohe o ke kanaka ma mua o nā kaʻao e pili ana i ka wā i hala, e pili ana i ke kākoʻo kaiāulu a me nā waiwai (Fry, 2006, 2013; Fry et al., 2021).
• ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻonohonoho pūʻulu kaiāulu, ʻaʻole mākou ma kahi ala pololei hiki ʻole iā mākou ke pakele (ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻi i ka egalitaryism) (Graeber & Wengrow, 2018, 2021; Mana, 2019).
• He aha ka mea e kākoʻo ai i nā pilina hoʻohanohano, pili mau me ka honua kūlohelohe.
• He aha ia ʻano laha-maʻamau no ka hoʻāla ʻana i nā kānaka kōkua ola.
• He aha ka lāhui-ʻano kaiāulu a me ka pono.
• He aha ka mea e kōkua i ke ola ʻana o nā mākua.

I kēia kūlana, nānā wau i nā kumu no ka loiloi i nā ala i ke olakino — ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hana ʻike maikaʻi. I nā pou aʻe, e nānā wau i ka ʻike ʻike maikaʻi, ʻohana, a me ka ola hana.

ʻO kā mākou kūpuna kūpuna

Ua nānā ka nui o nā noiʻi anthropological i nā kaiāulu i hana ʻole ʻia, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike i nā makahiki 200,000 o ko mākou noho ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻano, homo sapiens (Lee & Daly, 2005). Ua noho kekahi mau kaiāulu kanaka ma kahi o 150,000 mau makahiki, e like me San Bushmen (Suzman, 2017), nona ka lālani germ i kaʻana like ʻia me nā kānaka āpau (Henn et al., 2011). E like me ka Bushmen, ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i noho ma nā kaiāulu hahai holoholona. (Hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana ka lāhui i kahi ʻāpana o ke kanaka i kekahi mau makahiki i hala.)

Ke hoʻi nei i hope, socioecology hoʻohālikelike a me ka moʻomeheu, ma o nā pono hana o ke neuroscience, e hāʻawi iā mākou i ka ʻike i loko o miliona mau makahiki o ko mākou genus ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka laina mammalian e ola nei no nā makahiki he ʻumi miliona (e laʻa, pono mau mākou i nā pono mammal pili kanaka. ) (eg, (McDonald, 1998; Suzuki & Hirata, 2012). He mau māmela kaiāulu mākou, kahi laina i kū mai 20-40 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, e waiho nei i nā ʻano lolo a me nā pono maʻamau o nā mammals nohona (Franklin & Mansuy, 2010; Panksepp, 1998; Spinka, Newberry & Bekoff, 2001). He mea nui ka makemake nui e hui i ka wā ʻōpio ke kūkulu ʻia ka lolo a me ke kino, me ka hoʻopiha piha o kēlā mau Maslow i ʻike ʻia.

Pono kā mākou holoholona i ka hānai a me ka mahanahana akā ʻo kā mākou pili kaiāulu pono e pili pū me ka pā aloha, pāʻani, pili nui, a me ke kākoʻo kaiāulu (Carter & Porges, 2013; Champagne, 2014; Chevrud & Wolf, 2009). Hōʻike mai nā noiʻi Anthropological iā mākou ma ke ʻano he kanaka e ulu maikaʻi mākou ke kaʻana like mākou i ka intersubjectivity ("limbic resonance;" ʻo Lewis Amini & Lannon, 2001) me nā mākua he nui, ke komo ʻia i loko o nā hana kaiāulu a me nā moʻolelo a i ka wā o nā keiki haumāna ma ka hana makua (Hewlett & Lamb, 2005; Hrdy, 2009; Sorenson, 1998; Weissner, 2014).

Ua hoʻolilo ka genus homo i ka 99% o kona ola ʻana — 95% no kā mākou laha, nā homo sapiens — i nā pēpē ʻimi ʻai (Fry, 2006). Hōʻike kēia i ka loli ʻana o ko mākou kino a me ka lolo i kēia ʻano kūpuna, i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kaiapuni o ka evolutionary adaptedness (Bowlby, 1969). Ma kahi e ʻikea ai he mea nui no ke ola wā lōʻihi i ka wā kamaliʻi.

ʻO kā mākou kūpuna kūpuna no nā keiki

ʻO ka noʻonoʻo i ka pilina o nā kūpuna kanaka no nā keiki i huki mua ʻia e John Bowlby (1969) i ka wā 1950. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia i nā manaʻo maʻamau e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki i hāʻawi ʻia e behaviorism a me Freudian psychoanalysis i kēlā manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke wehewehe i nā hopena o nā keiki i hoʻokaʻawale ʻohana a me nā keiki makua ʻole i ka wā a ma hope hoʻi o ke Kaua Honua II. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻano hoʻokalakupua, ua ʻike ʻo ia e pono nā keiki ma mua o ka mahanahana, ka hale, a me nā meaʻai mai ko lākou mau mākua. E like me nā māmela ʻē aʻe, ua "hoʻolālā" ʻia nā keiki e hoʻopili i nā mea mālama i ka wā pilikia a ʻeha hoʻi ke kaʻawale. Ua hoʻomaopopo pū ʻo Bowlby i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻopili mālama e kōkua i ka mālama keiki ʻana a lilo ia i mea ʻoluʻolu (Bowlby, 1969). ʻO ka makua Mammalian kahi mea! (Krasnegor, & Bridges, 2010).

ʻOiai nāwaliwali nā mammal āpau āpau i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole mai ka hānai hānai ʻana, pilikia nui nā keiki kanaka. Hānau ʻia nā keiki ma ka hānau hānau piha me 25% wale nō o ka nui o ka lolo o ka makua; ʻekolu ka nui o ka lolo i nā makahiki ʻelua me ka mālama hānai, akā ʻaʻole ulu ka nui o ka lolo a me ka paʻakikī me ka mālama ʻole ʻia (Perry et al., 1995). Hoʻohālike nā keiki i nā fetus o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a hiki i kahi o 18 mau mahina o ka makahiki postnatal, ʻo ia hoʻi he nui a lākou e ulu a hoʻonohonoho pono ai e pili ana i ka ʻike physio-social.

Me nā noiʻi hoʻopili keiki hou aʻe, ʻike mākou i kēia manawa ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōnaehana lolo e ka ʻike mua me nā mea mālama, no laila nā hopena o ka ʻike mua i nā hopena neurobiological lōʻihi (Schore, 2019). ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hemisphere lolo ʻākau e hoʻomohala wikiwiki i nā makahiki mua o ke ola me ka mālama mālama. Hoʻokumu ka Undercare i ka hemisphere kūpono e hiki ai ke hopena i nā pilikia olakino noʻonoʻo.

Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka lolo kāne e ka mālama mālama ʻole ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka paʻa i kūkulu ʻia a me ka lohi o ka ulu ʻana ma mua o ka lolo wahine (Schore, 2017). Pono lākou i ka hānai hou akā hāʻawi mākou iā lākou i ka mea liʻiliʻi, e waiho ana iā lākou e hilinaʻi i nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana o ka mana / waiho. I ka wā makua ua paʻakikī lākou ma muli o ka hemahema o ka lolo ʻākau, e like me ka psychotherapists note (Tweedy, 2021).

ʻO ka ʻepekema i ulu

ʻO ka Scholarship i nā moʻomeheu hana i loaʻa maʻamau i ka pilikino, no ka ʻikiʻī e noʻonoʻo ai nā akeakamai i ke ʻano o ka pēpē ma kahi mokupuni wale nō. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea ʻike i ka prehistory kanaka e ʻike ʻo ia i kahi nīnau lapuwale. ʻAʻohe pēpē me ka ʻole o ka makuahine a ulu ʻole paha ka makuahine makuahine me ke kākoʻo ʻole o ke kaiāulu, ʻoiai ke kōkua nui o ka makuahine i ka hopena o ke keiki (Hrdy, 2009; Hawkes, O'Connell, & Blurton-Jones, 1989). Pono ka pēpē i kahi set o nā mākua pane no ka manaʻo o ke keiki he kākoʻo. Hāʻawi ka pūnana i ke kākoʻo kūpono i ke ala o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, e kūlike ana me ke ala maturational o ke keiki.

Panina hopena

Hoʻonohonoho kahi ʻike ʻike pono e hoʻomaopopo iā mākou i nā pono kumu o kā mākou laha a pehea e hālāwai ai me lākou a me ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana me lākou (Gowdy, 1998). Ma o ka hana interdisciplinary, ʻike mākou i nā hopena o nā pono a i ʻole nā ​​hana e pili ana i ka ulu kanaka a me ke olakino. Kōkua kēlā mau ʻike iā mākou e ʻike i ka mea e paipai ai i ka olakino a i ʻole ʻaʻole i ko ke ao nei i kēia lā. ʻAe kēia iā mākou e koho me ka ʻike i nā laina no ka maikaʻi a lawe i nā hana e hānai i ke olakino, a mākou e nānā ai i nā pou aʻe.

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