ʻO Comorbidity i nā maʻi ʻai: ʻOiaʻiʻo a i ʻole Spicious paha?

Anter

• Nā Heluhelu Pono ʻAi o ka ʻAi ʻana
• No ke aha i piʻi ai nā maʻi ʻai ma o COVID-19

ʻO Comorbidity kahi kumuhana paʻakikī, noʻonoʻo a me ka maʻi. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka comorbidity mai kahi manaʻo noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kahi hanana i kū ʻia ai kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa kino i ka manawa o kahi maʻi " I kēia hihia, aia ʻelua mau ʻano lapaʻau ʻokoʻa a hoʻohana ʻia kahi manaʻo holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka comorbidity mai kahi kiko o ka ʻike e pili ana, ma kahi o kahi "ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau mea ʻokoʻa lapaʻau e noho pū ana." I kēia hihia, pili ka laha o ka comorbidity i ka wehewehe o nā maʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho a me kāna mau rula diagnostic).

I ke kahua o ke olakino noʻonoʻo, kahi i loaʻa ʻole nā ​​biomarkers kikoʻī i kēia manawa, kānalua inā ʻelua ʻokoʻa nā ʻano noʻonoʻo ʻelua he "ʻokoʻa" nā mea olakino, a i ʻole ka hopena o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā maʻi noʻonoʻo i kēia manawa, e pili ana i nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia, paipai. ke noi o nā diagnostics psychiatric he nui i ka mea maʻi hoʻokahi.

ʻO nā pilikia e pili ana i ka wehewehe o ka comorbidity hiki ke loaʻa i nā hopena koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi e hoʻopili i ka lāʻau. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kaumaha i nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi ʻai akā he hōʻike paha ia o kahi kaumaha o ke kaiaulu e noho like ana ('comorbidity maoli') a i ʻole ka hopena pololei o ka underweight ma ka anorexia nervosa a i ʻole ka binge e ʻai ana i bulimia nervosa ('speal comorbidity ') (e nānā i ke Kiʻi 1). I ka hihia mua, pono e mālama pololei ʻia ke kaumaha o ka maʻi, ʻoiai i ka lua o ka hihia ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻai e alakaʻi i kahi kala i nā hiʻohiʻona kaumaha.

ʻO Comorbidity i nā maʻi ʻai

Ua hoʻopau kahi loiloi moʻolelo o nā noiʻi ʻEulopa ma mua o 70% o ka poʻe me nā maʻi ʻai e loaʻa i kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi psychiatric. ʻO nā maʻi noʻonoʻo pinepine pinepine ʻia ka maʻi pīhoihoi (> 50%), nā maʻi maʻi (> 40%), hōʻeha ponoʻī (> 20%), a me nā maʻi hoʻohana lāʻau (> 10%).

Pono e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka ʻikepili mai nā noiʻi i lawe ʻia i kēia manawa i ka loli ākea i ka helu o ka maʻi psychiatric i nā maʻi ʻai; ʻo kahi laʻana, ka prevalence o ka mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa o kahi maʻi pīhoihoi i hōʻike ʻia ma kahi o 25% a i 75% o nā hihia. Kūkulu kēia pae i nā kānalua nui i ka hilinaʻi o kēia mau ʻike. Pēlā nō, nā noiʻi i loiloi i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi pilikino i noho pū ʻia me nā maʻi ʻai i hōʻike ʻia he loli ʻoi aku ka nui, mai 27% a 93%!

Nā pilikia metodolo

ʻO nā noiʻi i loiloi i ka comorbidity i nā maʻi ʻai e ʻeha i nā pilikia ʻano hana. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi manawa inā ua kū ka maʻi "comorbid" ma mua a ma hope paha o ka maʻi ʻai; he liʻiliʻi nā laʻana i loiloi pinepine ʻia a / a i ʻole hoʻopili ʻia nā mahele diagnostic o nā maʻi ʻai i nā ʻano like ʻole; ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi helu nui a heterogeneous o nā nīnauele diagnostical a me nā hoʻokolohua ponoʻī e nānā i ka maʻi maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pilikia nui ʻo ka hapa nui o nā noiʻi ʻaʻole i loiloi inā ʻo nā ʻano o ka comorbidity ka lua i ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka haunaele i ka papaʻai.

ʻO nā hihia Comorbidity a paʻakikī paha?

ʻO ka manaʻo aia wale nō kahi ʻāpana o "nā hihia paʻakikī" ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā maʻi ʻai ʻoiai, ʻaneʻane kokoke i nā maʻi āpau e ʻeha ana i nā maʻi ʻai hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he mau hihia paʻakikī. ʻO ka hapa nui, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, hālāwai me nā pae diagnostic no hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku o nā maʻi psychiatric. Kūleʻa nā pilikia o ke kino, a aia kekahi mau maʻi i ka noho like a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā pathology olakino. ʻO ka paʻakikī Interpersonal ka mea maʻamau, a ʻo ka papa mau o ka maʻi hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka ulu a me ka hana interpersonal o kahi kanaka. Hōʻike kēia mau mea āpau i nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi ʻai, ʻo ka paʻakikī ka lula ma mua o ka ʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka mahele hana ʻāpana o nā kūlana olakino paʻakikī i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike psychiatric i loaʻa i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka pale ʻana i kahi ala holoʻokoʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻohana kūpono ʻole o nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hana e mālama i nā ʻāpana hoʻokahi o kahi kiʻi ākea ākea a paʻakikī hoʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka loiloi kūpono ʻole a me ka hoʻokele ʻana o nā co-morbidities i loaʻa i ka hopena paradoxical e defocus i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai nā mea nui e mālama i ka psychopathology maʻi maʻi a hāʻawi i nā mea maʻi i nā hana kūpono ʻole a weliweli paha.

ʻO kahi ala kūpono i nā hihia paʻakikī

I kaʻu hana haukapila, ʻae wau i kahi ala pragmatic e kamaʻilio ai i ka comorbidity psychiatric e pili ana i nā maʻi ʻai. ʻIke wau a kamaʻilio hope i ka comorbidity wale nō ke nui a loaʻa nā hopena maʻi. I kēia hopena, ʻo ka manual of the enhivity behavioral therapy (CBT-E) no ka ʻai ʻana i nā maʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i nā comorbidities i ʻekolu mau hui:

Nā Heluhelu Pono ʻAi o ka ʻAi ʻana

No ke aha i piʻi ai nā maʻi ʻai ma o COVID-19